Black-box testing and white-box testing are complementary testing methods with different objectives. The first looks at the software system from an end-user perspective while the latter examines the internal structure and workings of the application.
Let's see some of the main differences between the two methods:
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| Black-box Testing | White-box Testing |
|---|---|
| Tests the end-user functionality of a software system. | Tests the internal workings of a software system. |
| Helps detect defects in the end-user functionality. | Helps to detect inefficient code, dead code, and memory leaks. |
| Testers require no programming experience. | Testers are required to know programming as well as code coverage tools. |
| It is usually done by software testers. | It is usually done by software developers. |
| Usually done at the end when the software system is fully ready | Can be done in parallel with software development. |
| Not suitable for testing algorithms. | Good for testing algorithms. |
| Black-box testing is relatively easy and cheap. | White-box testing is relatively difficult and expensive. |
| Faster to write and execute test cases. | Slower to write and execute test cases. |
